Polity Questions - upsc Practice

#1

Which of the following statements accurately describes a limitation of the 'basic structure doctrine' as developed by the Supreme Court of India?

It prevents Parliament from responding effectively to changing socio-economic conditions through constitutional amendments It has remained static since its introduction in the Kesavananda Bharati case without further judicial elaboration It explicitly identifies all elements that constitute the basic structure in the text of the judgment It applies only to amendments made under Article 368 and not to constitutional changes through ordinary legislation

#2

The 'residuary powers' under the Indian Constitution differ from those in the U.S. and Canadian Constitutions in which fundamental respect?

In India, residuary powers belong to the Union whereas in both the U.S. and Canada they belong to the states/provinces In India, residuary powers are exercised jointly by the Union and States whereas in the U.S. and Canada they are clearly assigned to one level In India, residuary powers are enumerated exhaustively whereas in the U.S. and Canada they are left undefined In India, the Supreme Court can reassign residuary powers whereas in the U.S. and Canada such powers are constitutionally fixed

#3

Which of the following reveals a critical distinction between the 'procedure established by law' in Article 21 as originally interpreted and the 'due process of law' doctrine in American jurisprudence?

'Procedure established by law' originally meant only that detention must follow enacted legislation, regardless of whether the law was fair, while 'due process' requires the law itself to be reasonable and not arbitrary 'Procedure established by law' addresses only criminal proceedings while 'due process' applies to civil cases as well 'Procedure established by law' can be reviewed only by the Supreme Court while 'due process' can be reviewed by all courts 'Procedure established by law' is explicitly mentioned in the Constitution while 'due process' is merely a judicial interpretation

#4

Which of the following best explains why certain Fundamental Rights are available to both citizens and non-citizens while others are restricted to citizens alone?

Rights emerging from basic human dignity are extended to all persons while rights related to the political community are limited to citizens Rights derived from international treaties are extended to all persons while rights derived solely from the Constitution are limited to citizens Rights requiring judicial enforcement are extended to all persons while rights requiring executive enforcement are limited to citizens Rights considered negative in nature (prohibiting state action) are extended to all persons while positive rights (requiring state action) are limited to citizens

#5

How does the doctrine of 'colourable legislation' as developed by Indian courts fundamentally differ from the concept of 'ultra vires'?

The doctrine of colourable legislation examines whether Parliament has indirectly attempted to legislate on a matter outside its competence while appearing to act within it, whereas ultra vires simply examines whether legislation directly falls outside the legislature's powers Colourable legislation applies only to state legislatures whereas ultra vires applies to both Parliament and state legislatures Colourable legislation deals with violation of fundamental rights whereas ultra vires deals with violation of the federal distribution of powers Colourable legislation can be challenged only by state governments whereas ultra vires can be challenged by any affected citizen

#6

Which of the following concepts best explains the reasoning behind the Supreme Court's interpretation that amendments to the Constitution are subject to judicial review?

Implied limitations theory Basic structure doctrine Pith and substance doctrine Harmonious construction

#7

With reference to the power of the President of India to issue ordinances under Article 123, which of the following represents a significant limitation explicitly provided in the Constitution?

The President cannot issue an ordinance that would require drawing money from the Consolidated Fund of India The President cannot issue an ordinance when either House of Parliament has been prorogued The President cannot issue an ordinance implementing provisions that would require a constitutional amendment The President cannot issue an ordinance when the Council of Ministers has lost its majority in the Lok Sabha

#8

Why is the Preamble of the Indian Constitution seen as significant for constitutional interpretation despite not being enforceable in courts?

It embodies the Constitution's basic philosophy and fundamental values, providing interpretative guidance for understanding constitutional provisions in light of the framers' objectives It contains specific directives to the government regarding policy implementation that cannot be directly enforced but must influence legislation It serves as a limitation on the power of constitutional amendment, preventing changes to the Constitution's basic features It provides detailed procedural guidelines for resolving conflicts between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy

#9

Which one of the following provisions of the Indian Constitution has been most significantly transformed in meaning through judicial interpretation over time?

Article 21 (Protection of Life and Personal Liberty) Article 368 (Power of Parliament to amend the Constitution) Article 356 (Provisions in case of failure of constitutional machinery in States) Article 16 (Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment)

#10

The 'due procedure of law' evolved by the Supreme Court in various judgments incorporates which of the following principles? 1. Right to legal representation 2. Right against self-incrimination 3. Right to cross-examine witnesses 4. Right to reasoned decisions 5. Right to speedy trial

1, 2, 3 and 4 only 1, 3, 4 and 5 only 2, 3, 4 and 5 only 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

#11

Under which Article of the Constitution can the President of India declare Financial Emergency?

Article 352 Article 356 Article 360 Article 370

#12

Consider the following statements regarding Fundamental Duties: 1. They were added to the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976 2. Initially ten Fundamental Duties were added 3. The 86th Amendment added the 11th Fundamental Duty 4. Fundamental Duties are enforceable by courts. Which statements are correct?

1, 2 and 3 only 1, 2 and 4 only 2, 3 and 4 only 1, 3 and 4 only

#13

Which of the following is NOT a discretionary power of the Governor?

Appointment of Chief Minister when no party has a clear majority Reserving a bill for President's consideration Dismissal of the Council of Ministers Seeking information from the Chief Minister regarding administrative matters

#14

Which Constitutional Amendment Act provided for the creation of the National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC)?

97th Amendment Act 98th Amendment Act 99th Amendment Act 100th Amendment Act

#15

In which of the following cases did the Supreme Court propound the 'Basic Structure Doctrine'?

Kesavananda Bharati case Minerva Mills case S.R. Bommai case I.R. Coelho case

#16

Which Article of the Constitution provides that it shall be the duty of the Union to protect States against external aggression and internal disturbance?

Article 352 Article 355 Article 356 Article 365

#17

Under which of the following circumstances can a person be deprived of citizenship under the Constitution of India?

If a person has acquired citizenship by fraud If a person has shown disloyalty to the Constitution of India If a person resides outside India for seven years continuously If a person acquires citizenship of another country

#18

Which Amendment Act introduced changes to the Preamble of the Constitution of India?

40th Amendment Act 42nd Amendment Act 44th Amendment Act 45th Amendment Act

#19

The system of judicial review in the Indian Constitution is based on which of the following principles?

Parliamentary sovereignty Constitutional supremacy Presidential authority Federal autonomy

#20

Which of the following statements about the Vice President of India is NOT correct?

He is the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha He can vote in the Rajya Sabha in case of a tie His election can be challenged in the Supreme Court He must be qualified for election as a member of the Lok Sabha

#21

The 'Doctrine of Lapse' was introduced during the Governor-Generalship of:

Lord Wellesley Lord William Bentinck Lord Dalhousie Lord Canning

#22

Consider the following statements regarding the Attorney General of India: 1. He is appointed by the President of India 2. He must have the same qualifications as a Supreme Court Judge 3. He has the right to speak and take part in proceedings of both Houses of Parliament 4. He is a member of the Council of Ministers. Which statements are correct?

1 and 2 only 1 and 3 only 2 and 4 only 3 and 4 only

#23

The concept of 'reasonable restrictions' on Fundamental Rights is associated with which of the following Articles?

Article 13 Article 19 Article 21 Article 32

#24

Which of the following writs is issued by a court to an inferior court or tribunal to prevent it from exceeding its jurisdiction?

Habeas Corpus Mandamus Prohibition Quo Warranto

#25

Which of the following provisions was NOT part of the original Constitution and was added later by an amendment?

Fundamental Duties Directive Principles of State Policy Election Commission Panchayati Raj Institutions

#26

In the context of the Indian judiciary, which of the following is NOT a feature of Public Interest Litigation (PIL)?

Relaxation of the rule of locus standi Court can act suo moto Adversarial in nature Non-adversarial in nature

#27

Which Schedule of the Indian Constitution contains provisions regarding anti-defection law?

Eighth Schedule Ninth Schedule Tenth Schedule Twelfth Schedule

#28

Which of the following is NOT included in the Right to Freedom of Religion under the Indian Constitution?

Freedom of conscience Right to profess, practice and propagate religion Freedom from religious taxes Right to establish and maintain religious institutions

#29

Which of the following is the CORRECT chronological order of establishment?

Planning Commission, NITI Aayog, Finance Commission, Election Commission Election Commission, Finance Commission, Planning Commission, NITI Aayog Finance Commission, Election Commission, Planning Commission, NITI Aayog Election Commission, Planning Commission, Finance Commission, NITI Aayog

#30

Under which article of the Constitution can the Supreme Court issue advisory opinion on matters referred by the President of India?

Article 131 Article 132 Article 141 Article 143

#31

Which of the following provisions of the Indian Constitution cannot be amended by the Parliament?

The election of the President The basic structure of the Constitution The Directive Principles of State Policy The composition of the Council of Ministers

#32

Which among the following is NOT a constitutional body?

Finance Commission NITI Aayog National Human Rights Commission National Commission for SCs

#33

Which part of the Indian Constitution deals with Centre-State relations?

Part XI Part X Part XII Part XIV

#34

Which of the following statements about the Indian citizenship is correct?

Dual citizenship is allowed for all Indian citizens A person can acquire citizenship through registration if married to an Indian citizen for at least 2 years A foreigner can acquire citizenship through naturalization after residing in India for at least 10 years A child born outside India after 26th January, 1950 is a citizen by descent if either of the parents is a citizen of India at the time of birth

#35

Who among the following appoints the Chairperson of the National Human Rights Commission?

President Prime Minister Chief Justice of India A committee comprising the Prime Minister, Home Minister, and Leaders of Opposition in both Houses

#36

The concept of 'pocket veto' in the Indian Constitution relates to which of the following?

President's power to veto a bill Governor's power to reserve a bill for President's consideration Speaker's power to disqualify members under the anti-defection law President's power to keep a bill pending indefinitely

#37

The Constituent Assembly of India was set up under the provisions of:

Cabinet Mission Plan, 1946 Indian Independence Act, 1947 Government of India Act, 1935 Cripps Mission, 1942

#38

Which of the following is NOT a feature of the federal system enshrined in the Indian Constitution?

Division of powers between the Centre and States Independent judiciary Bicameral legislature at both Centre and State levels Single citizenship

#39

The 'Doctrine of Eclipse' as developed by the Supreme Court is related to:

Conflict between Centre and State laws Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles Pre-constitutional laws inconsistent with Fundamental Rights Conflicts between different Fundamental Rights

#40

Which of the following statements about the removal of a High Court judge is correct?

A High Court judge can be removed by the Governor of the state A High Court judge can be removed in the same manner as a Supreme Court judge Removal requires a special majority in only the Lok Sabha A High Court judge can be transferred without impeachment proceedings

#41

The Ninth Schedule of the Indian Constitution was introduced by which amendment?

First Amendment Seventh Amendment Ninth Amendment Forty-second Amendment

#42

In which of the following cases did the Supreme Court of India give the judgement that 'Right to Privacy' is a fundamental right?

Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India Minerva Mills v. Union of India Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India

#43

Which of the following statements about the Finance Commission is NOT correct?

It is constituted by the President every five years It recommends distribution of taxes between Centre and States It recommends principles governing grants-in-aid to States Its recommendations are binding on the government

#44

Consider the following statements regarding the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India: 1. The CAG is appointed by the President. 2. The CAG can be removed in the same manner as a Supreme Court Judge. 3. The CAG is eligible for further government office after retirement. 4. The CAG reports on Union accounts are submitted to the Parliament through the Finance Minister. Which statements are INCORRECT?

1 and 2 only 3 and 4 only 2 and 3 only 1 and 4 only

#45

Under which article of the Constitution can a proclamation of National Emergency be issued on the grounds of war, external aggression or armed rebellion?

Article 352 Article 356 Article 360 Article 370

#46

Which of the following statements about the Election Commission of India is NOT correct?

It conducts elections to the Parliament, State Legislatures, and offices of President and Vice-President The Constitution provides for a multi-member Election Commission The Chief Election Commissioner can be removed only through impeachment The tenure of the Election Commissioner is fixed at six years or age of 65, whichever is earlier

#47

Which of the following is NOT a feature of the parliamentary form of government in India?

Collective responsibility of the executive to the legislature Nominal head of the state Complete separation of powers between executive and legislature Political homogeneity in the executive

#48

The provision for Co-operative Societies was included in the Indian Constitution through which Amendment?

73rd Amendment 74th Amendment 86th Amendment 97th Amendment

#49

The concept of 'Residuary Powers' under the Indian Constitution refers to:

Powers not mentioned in the Union, State or Concurrent Lists Powers exclusively reserved for the Union Government Powers that remain with the Constituent Assembly Powers that can be exercised during emergency only

#50

Which of the following statements regarding the representation of states in the Rajya Sabha is correct?

All states have equal representation States are represented in proportion to their population Union Territories have no representation Members are directly elected by the people of the state

#51

Which amendment to the Constitution reduced the voting age from 21 years to 18 years?

60th Amendment 61st Amendment 62nd Amendment 63rd Amendment

#52

The concept of 'Police State' is against which of the following principles?

Rule of Law Equality before Law Separation of Powers None of the above

#53

Which of the following writs is issued by a court to inquire into the legality of a claim of a person to a public office?

Habeas Corpus Mandamus Certiorari Quo Warranto

#54

The 'Panchsheel Agreement' signed by India was originally with which country?

Nepal USSR China Myanmar

#55

Consider the following statements regarding the President's power to grant pardons under Article 72: 1. The President can grant pardon, reprieve, respite, remission, or commutation for punishment for offenses against a Union law 2. The President cannot pardon a death sentence imposed by a Court Martial 3. The President's decision regarding mercy petition is subject to judicial review on procedural grounds 4. The President can grant pardon for a sentence of death confirmed by the High Court but not yet executed Which statements are correct?

1 and 2 only 1 and 3 only 2 and 4 only 3 and 4 only

#56

Which of the following is NOT considered as an All-India Service?

Indian Administrative Service Indian Police Service Indian Revenue Service Indian Forest Service

#57

Which article of the Indian Constitution deals with the procedure for amendment?

Article 352 Article 356 Article 360 Article 368

#58

The 'Bicameral Legislature' concept in India exists at:

Only at the Centre level Only at the State level Both at the Centre and all State levels At the Centre and some State levels

#59

The phrase 'procedure established by law' in Article 21 of the Indian Constitution was borrowed from which country's constitution?

United States United Kingdom Japan Ireland

#60

Which one of the following constitutional amendments introduced the concept of anti-defection in the Indian Constitution?

42nd Amendment 44th Amendment 52nd Amendment 61st Amendment

#61

The Constitution (Seventy-Third Amendment) Act, 1992 is related to:

Citizenship rights Electoral reforms Panchayati Raj Institutions Fundamental Duties

#62

Which of the following statements about the Rajya Sabha is NOT correct?

It is a permanent House which cannot be dissolved One-third of its members retire every two years It can initiate Money Bills It has equal powers with the Lok Sabha in amending the Constitution

#63

Under which article of the Constitution does the President of India have the power to consult the Supreme Court on a question of law or fact?

Article 76 Article 123 Article 143 Article 324

#64

Which among the following is NOT included in the concurrent list under the Seventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution?

Education Forests Police Marriage and Divorce

#65

In which of the following cases did the Supreme Court of India declare 'Right to Clean Environment' as a fundamental right?

Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India Mohini Jain v. State of Karnataka M.C. Mehta v. Union of India Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala

#66

Which of the following Schedules of the Indian Constitution contains provisions regarding the administration of Scheduled Areas and Scheduled Tribes?

Fifth Schedule Sixth Schedule Seventh Schedule Ninth Schedule

#67

Which amendment to the Constitution gave precedence to Directive Principles of State Policy over Fundamental Rights?

24th Amendment 25th Amendment 42nd Amendment 44th Amendment

#68

The doctrine of 'Implied Powers' in the Indian Constitution relates to:

Emergency powers of the President Powers of the Prime Minister Residuary powers of the Parliament Inherent powers of the Supreme Court

#69

Which of the following bodies is established by the Constitution itself?

Planning Commission National Development Council Finance Commission NITI Aayog

#70

Which of the following statements about the Indian Parliament is correct?

Rajya Sabha can be dissolved by the President on recommendation of the Prime Minister A Money Bill can be introduced in either House of Parliament Joint sitting of both Houses can be convened to resolve deadlocks on Money Bills The Speaker of Lok Sabha is elected by both Houses of Parliament

#71

Which Amendment Act of the Constitution introduced changes to the Preamble?

39th Amendment Act 42nd Amendment Act 44th Amendment Act 84th Amendment Act

#72

Which of the following statements about the Election Commission of India is correct?

It conducts elections only to the Parliament and State Legislatures The Constitution originally provided for a multi-member Election Commission The removal procedure for all Election Commissioners is the same Election Commissioners have a fixed tenure of 5 years

#73

Which of the following is NOT part of the 'Basic Structure' of the Constitution as propounded by the Supreme Court?

Parliamentary form of government Federal character Secularism Specific provisions regarding reservation

#74

Consider the following statements about the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India: 1. The CAG is appointed by the President of India. 2. The CAG has the power to audit all receipts and expenditure of the Union and State governments. 3. The CAG has the power to audit the accounts of private companies. 4. The reports of the CAG are examined by the Public Accounts Committee. Which statements are correct?

1, 2 and 3 only 1, 2 and 4 only 2, 3 and 4 only 1, 3 and 4 only

#75

The Indian Constitution has borrowed the concept of Directive Principles of State Policy from which country's constitution?

United States of America United Kingdom Ireland Canada

#76

The concept of 'Judicial Review' in the Indian Constitution has been borrowed from:

United Kingdom United States of America Australia Canada

#77

Which of the following is a correct statement about the powers of the Rajya Sabha?

It has no power in the election of the President of India It can disapprove or amend a Money Bill It cannot initiate a constitutional amendment bill It has no power in the removal of the Council of Ministers

#78

Which of the following statements about Fundamental Rights is NOT correct?

They are justiciable in nature They are absolute and cannot be restricted They are guaranteed against arbitrary state action Some of them are available only to citizens while others are available to all persons

#79

Which article of the Indian Constitution abolishes untouchability and forbids its practice in any form?

Article 14 Article 15 Article 17 Article 21

#80

The power to increase the number of judges in the Supreme Court of India rests with:

The President of India The Parliament The Supreme Court The Law Commission

#81

Which part of the Indian Constitution deals with Fundamental Rights?

Part II Part III Part IV Part IVA

#82

Which of the following rights was removed from the list of Fundamental Rights by the 44th Amendment to the Constitution?

Right to Property Right to Constitutional Remedies Right against Exploitation Right to Freedom of Religion

#83

Which of the following statements about the Attorney General of India is NOT correct?

The Attorney General is appointed by the President of India The Attorney General must have the same qualifications required for a Supreme Court Judge The Attorney General is a member of the Union Cabinet The Attorney General has the right to attend proceedings of both Houses of Parliament

#84

The term 'Federal' has been used in the Indian Constitution in which of the following parts?

Preamble Part I Part III Not used anywhere

#85

Which of the following High Courts has the jurisdiction over the largest number of states and union territories?

Bombay High Court Calcutta High Court Gauhati High Court Delhi High Court

#86

Under which article of the Constitution can the President of India refer a matter to the Supreme Court for its advisory opinion?

Article 32 Article 72 Article 143 Article 280

#87

Which of the following combinations of Fundamental Rights and Fundamental Duties is correctly matched?

Right to Equality – To value and preserve rich heritage of our composite culture Right to Freedom – To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions Right against Exploitation – To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so Right to Freedom of Religion – To develop scientific temper, humanism, spirit of inquiry and reform

#88

Which of the following statements about the Indian federal system is correct?

The Governor of a state is appointed by the President but can be removed by the state legislature The state government has exclusive power to levy income tax on agricultural income Parliament has no power to make laws on state subjects even during a national emergency In case of inconsistency between Union and State laws on a concurrent subject, the State law prevails

#89

The Electoral College for election of the President of India consists of:

All members of Parliament and State Legislatures Elected members of both Houses of Parliament and elected members of State Legislative Assemblies All members of Rajya Sabha and elected members of Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies Elected members of both Houses of Parliament only

#90

Consider the following statements about the office of 'Whip' in the parliamentary system: 1. It is mentioned in the Constitution of India 2. They are appointed by the political parties 3. They ensure discipline among party members in the Parliament 4. Chief Whip is a minister in the government Which statements are correct?

1 and 2 only 2 and 3 only 3 and 4 only 2, 3 and 4 only

#91

Which of the following statements about the Preamble to the Indian Constitution is NOT correct?

It has been described as the 'Identity Card' of the Constitution It is a part of the Basic Structure of the Constitution It can be amended by Parliament under Article 368 It can override specific provisions of the Constitution in case of inconsistency

#92

The Constitution of India was enacted by a Constituent Assembly set up under:

Government of India Act, 1935 Indian Independence Act, 1947 Cabinet Mission Plan, 1946 Cripps Mission Proposal, 1942

#93

Which of the following Articles of the Indian Constitution has been described as the 'Heart and Soul' of the Constitution by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar?

Article 14 Article 19 Article 21 Article 32

#94

Consider the following statements regarding Money Bills: 1. A Money Bill can be introduced only in the Lok Sabha 2. The Rajya Sabha cannot reject or amend a Money Bill 3. The Speaker's decision on whether a bill is a Money Bill is final 4. Joint sitting of both Houses can be convened to resolve deadlock over a Money Bill Which statements are correct?

1, 2 and 3 only 1 and 3 only 2, 3 and 4 only 1, 2, 3 and 4 only

#95

The Constitution describes India as:

A Federation of States A Union of States A Federal Republic A Quasi-Federal State

#96

Who presided over the first meeting of the Indian Constituent Assembly?

Dr. Rajendra Prasad Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Sachchidananda Sinha H.V. Kamath

#97

Which of the following statements regarding the Vice-President of India is correct?

He is elected by members of both Houses of Parliament His election can be challenged in the Supreme Court He must have the same qualifications as required for a member of the Rajya Sabha He serves as the ex-officio Chairman of the NITI Aayog

#98

Which Constitutional Amendment Act reduced the voting age from 21 to 18 years?

42nd Amendment Act 44th Amendment Act 61st Amendment Act 86th Amendment Act

#99

Which of the following is NOT included as a fundamental duty in the Indian Constitution?

To respect the National Flag and National Anthem To protect and improve the natural environment To safeguard public property To pay taxes honestly and punctually

#100

Which one of the following was NOT a feature of the Government of India Act, 1935?

Provincial autonomy Dyarchy in provinces Federal Court Universal adult franchise

#101

The term "socialist" was added to the Preamble of the Indian Constitution by which Constitutional Amendment?

38th Amendment 42nd Amendment 44th Amendment 73rd Amendment

#102

Which of the following statements about the Anti-Defection Law is NOT correct?

It was inserted by the 52nd Amendment Act, 1985 A member can be disqualified if he votes against the party whip in a confidence motion The Speaker/Chairman of the House decides on disqualification The law applies only to state legislatures and not to Parliament

#103

Consider the following statements about the Financial Emergency under Article 360: 1. It can be proclaimed by the President if financial stability of India is threatened 2. It requires parliamentary approval within two months 3. It can reduce the salaries of Supreme Court and High Court judges 4. No Financial Emergency has ever been proclaimed in India Which statements are correct?

1, 2 and 3 only 1, 2 and 4 only 2, 3 and 4 only 1, 3 and 4 only

#104

Which of the following bodies/offices is NOT mentioned in the original Constitution of India?

Finance Commission Planning Commission Election Commission Union Public Service Commission

#105

Which of the following Parliamentary committees in India is chaired by a member of the Opposition party by convention?

Business Advisory Committee Committee on Estimates Public Accounts Committee Committee on Public Undertakings

#106

Who among the following described the Directive Principles of State Policy as "novel features" of the Indian Constitution?

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Dr. Rajendra Prasad Sir B.N. Rau Granville Austin

#107

Which of the following cases is related to the 'Basic Structure Doctrine'?

Golaknath v. State of Punjab Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala A.K. Gopalan v. State of Madras Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India

#108

Which of the following statements about the Union Territories in India is correct?

All Union Territories have their own legislatures The President of India administers the Union Territories through an Administrator appointed by him All Union Territories send representatives to both houses of Parliament Union Territories are constitutionally at par with States

#109

Which of the following is NOT a condition for a political party to be recognized as a 'National Party' by the Election Commission of India?

Winning 2% of seats in the Lok Sabha from at least three different states Securing at least 6% of valid votes in four or more states and winning at least four Lok Sabha seats Recognition as a state party in at least four states Winning at least 8% of the total valid votes in the last general election

#110

Which among the following is regarded as the main watchdog for ensuring fiscal discipline at the state level?

Finance Commission Comptroller and Auditor General NITI Aayog Governor of the state