Science-technology Questions - upsc Practice

#1

Consider the following statements with reference to Retroviruses: 1. These are the types of viruses that can integrate their genetic material into the DNA of the host cell. 2. In Genetic Engineering, these are used as vectors to deliver genes into animal cells. Which of the statements given above are incorrect?

1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2

#2

Consider the following statements with respect to Biomarkers: 1. It indicates the normal or abnormal process taking place inside an organism. 2. Biomarkers can be used for disease prevention, detection and monitoring. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2

#3

Consider the following statements with reference to the Nipah Virus: 1. It can be transmitted through contaminated food. 2. The main tests used for the detection of the virus are real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from bodily fluids. 3. There are no specific vaccines available against the virus. Which of the statements given above are correct?

1 and 2 only 2 and 3 only 1 and 3 only 1, 2 and 3

#4

Consider the following statements: 1. DNA fragments, which result from the breakup of DNA strands, cannot be separated individually. 2. Disease-causing mitochondria carried by a woman can be replaced with a healthy mitochondria. 3. We can create ‘recombinant’ molecules of DNA, which are composed of DNA from different genomes. 4. The DNA sequence of an organism can be altered through genome editing. How many of the statements given above are correct in relation to the developments in the field of genetics?

Only one Only two Only three All four

#5

TALENs and Zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) are associated with

Methods for creation of lab grown diamond Clonal propagation of crop plants Genome editing techniques Production of biofertilizers

#6

In the context of genetic technology, the CRISPR-Cas 9 is directly associated with which of the following?

It is related with three parents baby technique. It is an enzyme used in cloning. It is a highly effective genome editing technology. It is related to transgenic seeds.

#7

In the context of the developments in Bioinformatics, the term ‘Pan Genome’ sometimes seen in the news, refers to

A mechanism of genetic mutations taking place in cells A range of enzymes used in genome editing The full range of mRNA molecules expressed by an organism Refers to the entire gene set of all strains in a species

#8

With reference to compressed biogas, consider the fol lowing statements: 1. It is produced from aerobic decomposition of plants and animals by decomposers. 2. It has higher energy potential and calorific value than compressed natural gas. 3. Compressed biogas can also be produced from press mud or filter cake. How many of the statements given above are correct?

only one only two all three none

#9

Consider the following statements with respect to DNA Barcoding: 1. DNA Barcoding can be used to monitor the presence of invasive species. 2. It can help in discovery and identification of multicellular organisms on the surface of earth. 3. It can be used to detect any unwanted substances in foods. How many statements given above are correct?

Only one Only two All three None

#10

Consider the following statements with respect to Gene Knockout: 1. It refers to the use of genetic engineering to inactivate or remove one or more specific genes from an organism. 2. The expression of a specific gene is permanently prevented using this technology. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2

#11

Consider the following statements regarding the state of animal health and disease control in India: 1. Cross-breeding programs in livestock have reduced susceptibility to diseases. 2. The ‘Livestock Health & Disease Control’ scheme is a central sector scheme to ensure effective disease prevention measures. 3. In arid and mountain ecosystems, livestock contribute 30-75% of rural households’ total income. Which of the statements given above are incorrect?

1 and 2 only 2 and 3 only 1 and 4 only 3 and 4 only

#12

Consider the following statements: 1. A recombinant protein is a protein encoded by alien DNA in a host cell. 2. Recombinant DNA technology is used to produce proteins that are not naturally produced by the host organism. Which of the statements given above are correct?

1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2

#13

Consider the following statements: 1. The messenger RNA (mRNA) functions as the carrier of genetic information from DNA to protein synthesis. 2. RNA interference is a natural process of gene silencing involving the degradation of the targeted mRNA. 3. The mRNA is a promising therapeutic tool in the fields of vaccine development and protein replacement therapy. How many of the statements given above are correct?

Only one Only two All three None

#14

Consider the following statements with reference to the Biotransformation technology: 1. This technology helps in the efficient processing and breaking down of waste plastic. 2. In this, the plastic biotransforms into bioavailable wax, which is consumed by the microbes. Which of the statements given above are correct?

1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2

#15

‘Gene silencing’ technology has gained popularity in the last few years because: 1. It helps in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. 2. It facilitates cell culture. 3. It has been found helpful in cancer treatments. How many of the statements given above are correct?

Only one Only two All three None

#16

Consider the following with respect to Human Genome Project: 1. Genetic make up of an organism or an individual lies in the DNA sequences. 2. Repeated sequences make up a very large portion of the human genome. 3. The Human Genome Project was initiated by the Min istry of Health and Family Welfare and the Ministry of Tribal Affairs to sequence the genome of the Indian population. How many statements given above are correct?

Only one Only two All three None

#17

Consider the following statements regarding GM Mustard DMH-11: 1. It has been developed by Indian Agricultural Research Institute and Punjab Agricultural University. 2. It is a genetically modified variant of Herbicide Tolerant (HT) mustard. 3. GEAC has approved for environmental release of GM Mustard. How many of the above statements are correct?

Only one Only two All three None

#18

Consider the following statements regarding Metagenome sequencing technology: 1. It involves studying the collective genetic material of all microorganisms within an artificial environment. 2. It can analyze the genetic makeup of microbial communities in the geothermal hot springs. 3. It explores a mixture of DNA from multiple organisms. How many of the statements given above are correct?

Only one Only two All three None